Recent Volcanic Eruptions: Global Impact and Response Volcanoes throughout the world continue to be active and have a significant impact on society and the environment. One of the latest eruptions that has attracted world attention is the eruption of Mount Merapi in Indonesia. This volcanic event caused various impacts, both local and global, which required a rapid response and coordination between the government, scientists and society. The local impact of the eruption of Mount Merapi was felt by local residents. Ashfall or ashfall can damage local agriculture, contaminate water sources, and cause problems with public health. Air quality decreases drastically, increasing the risk of respiratory problems. Authorities in this area, such as the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) and local governments, have issued information and warnings to residents to avoid potentially dangerous areas. The global impact of this eruption is no less significant. Ash particles and volcanic gases released into the atmosphere can influence weather patterns in various parts of the world. For example, large particles can block sunlight, potentially causing a drop in temperature in some areas. In addition, sulfur dioxide gas can affect international air quality and trigger short-term climate change. In response to the eruption of Mount Merapi, various international institutions, including the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and volcanologists, began monitoring the atmospheric impact. Research was conducted to understand the movement of ash clouds and their impact on aviation. A special notice was issued to inform airlines about the ban on flying in areas exposed to ash, which will certainly have an impact on the global aviation industry. Meanwhile, at the local level, evacuation efforts to protect residents living around the volcano were implemented. Temporary shelters were prepared, and medical teams were deployed to provide treatment to the affected communities. Health services are optimized to deal with potential health problems resulting from the eruption, including treatment of respiratory tract infections. In addition, the public is encouraged to educate themselves about the risks and how to deal with volcanic eruptions through simulations and training. Contingency plans are designed together with the community to ensure that every resident is prepared to face critical situations. Further data collection and research is needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of this eruption. Volcanology scientists conduct analyzes of temperature, gas and dust to predict future volcanic activity. This is vital so that the latest research and technology can be used to improve early warning systems. In this context, international collaboration is key, with many countries sharing information and resources to respond to volcanic events. Data sharing and communication platforms between countries are very important to prevent wider negative impacts in the future. Disaster risk management, improving infrastructure, and the community’s willingness to adapt to new post-eruption conditions are important steps that must be taken. Safety should always be a top priority, with preventive measures aimed at reducing future risks. Awareness of the global impact and effective response to volcanic eruptions such as Mount Merapi is a starting point for further research and the development of sustainable mitigation strategies.