The global COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the economies of developing countries. Various sectors are experiencing shocks, creating complex challenges to overcome. One of the worst impacts of the pandemic is a decline in economic growth. Many developing countries that depend on exports, tourism and remittances from overseas workers are experiencing huge losses. BPS (Central Statistics Agency) reports that in some countries, gross domestic product (GDP) has fallen by up to 7%, creating an economic crisis on an unprecedented scale. The sustainability of the small and medium enterprise (SME) sector is also threatened. SMEs are the backbone of the economies of developing countries, but many are unable to survive due to social restrictions. Store closures, reduced demand, and limited access to capital are the main issues. Data shows that around 50% of SMEs were forced to close temporarily or permanently, having a direct impact on the unemployment rate. Job market uncertainty is increasing. With many layoffs and salary cuts, people’s purchasing power has decreased drastically. This situation causes a decline in domestic consumption, which is one of the main drivers of economic growth. Questions and answers about unemployment are spreading rapidly, adding to concerns and triggering social instability in various regions. On the other hand, the health sector is one of the sectors most affected by the pandemic. Many developing countries face problems in health system capacity, resulting in the need for large investments to improve health infrastructure. This demands a larger budget, while state revenues are decreasing due to the crisis. As a result, efforts must be made for health facilities to improve their services, but financing is a challenge in itself. The pandemic has also pushed developing countries to adapt to digital technology. With physical restrictions in place, many businesses are turning to online platforms. Even though it is an opportunity, digital transformation requires investment and training that is still difficult to access for most people. In the context of international trade, many developing countries experience supply chain disruptions. Border closures and travel restrictions slow down the flow of goods and logistics handling, increasing costs and reducing competitiveness in global markets. Various products, especially commodities, experience large price fluctuations, which impact state income. Developing country governments need to implement responsive fiscal and monetary policies to deal with the economic impact of the pandemic. Stimulus programs, social assistance and incentives for the business world are the keys to helping economic recovery. International cooperation can also speed up recovery, by providing financial assistance and access to vaccines for the community. Facing the economic impact of the pandemic, developing countries need to formulate long-term strategies to build economic resilience. Investments in relevant infrastructure, education and training will help increase competitiveness. A sustainability-based approach can help them adapt to climate change and increasingly complex global challenges.